Among many forms of child abuses ,sexual abuse is one of the serious crime which without doubt reserved a serious jail terms. According to reported child sexual abuse cases ,most of abusers are babysitters ,family members ,friends or neighbours . Most of these sexual aggressiveness against children are related in one form or another.
In Zimbabwe alone according to kubatana.net over 20 000 cases reported to the police in within 8 years. This figures translated to 7 reported cases of child sexual abuse perpetrated per day. Remember most of the cases are not reported because of how this crimes are occurring within closely related people.
Child Sexual Abuse , Kempe and Kempe (1978)says is the involvement of dependent developmentally immature children and adolescence or adult in sexual activities that they don't comprehend to which they are unable to give informed consent or that violate the social taboo or family rules. Child sexual abuse is therefore forcing a child into sexual simulation by pressuring him/her to engage in sexual activities for example indecent exposure of private body parts to a minor or displaying any pornographic materials in front of children or actual sexual contact not necessarily refering to medical examinations.
There are different kinds of sexual abuse:
•Incest is sexual activity which involve family members who are biologically related.
•Paedophila:The perpetrators have pre-pubertal of girls by boys. Errotic fascination for children,non -violent and consists of genital fondling ,oral carelessing or genital viewing.
•Molestation are behaviours such as fondling,kissing,touching and masturbating.
•Exhibitionism perpetrators strip one's clothes for people to see his/her genital.
•Homophobia a fear of homosexuals is regarded as psychological disorder first identified in late 1950s. Homophobia cause by negative attitudes caused by lesibians ,gays or bisexuals who are antipathy. Like horrors of racism and anti semitism ,homophobia dehuminize children to be against huminity ,dignity and personhood . Homophobe children are being labelled to display homophobia or forced to think so because of authority exerted on them.
•Sexual Intercourse activities include oral genital,anal genital and penile penetration or vigina.Rape or attempted rape girls under 12 cannot consent.The statutory rape which is the sexual relationship with a girl under 16 with or without her consent.
•Sexual sadism where perpetrators injures by cutting the victim and get sexual satisfaction .
Children pornography production and distribution involving child in sexual act.
Children prostitution ,invovement of children for commercial sex.Indecent assult to boys and girls .
•Sodomy relationship males invoving sex anal penetration.
•Cultural practice in African traditions for instance,where a girl child is forced into marriage ,because the family seek favours of food,money,livestork or to avege spirits and other illnesses.The use of mysterious goblins in sexual acts for maintain riches or supremacy.Or simply involve in sexual act magically with someone without consent.
•Genital mutilation a cultural practice of cutting a girl's clitoris to depress their sexual feelings.Signs and symptoms are oftenly hidden with sometimes physical signs absent.Some children don't know how to say it and afraid to tell anyone.Infact child sexual abuses occur frequently only few case are reported to the police.
Some children are advanced in sexual language that can be observed when playing.The children may develop fears of particular person or anxiety of anything.
♠Some of the causes of Child Abuse:
lack to control one's anger,unrealistic expectation of a child,isolation from the family or have mental health problems.
♠Frustration of life in general, alcohol and drug abuse,personal problems eg unemployment or financial problems or traditonal beliefs like aveging spirits,child marriage ,etc
♠Parents' ignorance where children abused as property and parents think that right to abuse their children anyway thy want.Or children are toughened up to face the harhships in life.
Monday, October 4, 2010
Removal and minimise of dirt
Dirt can removed by collecting through sweeping ,washing,dusting and suction. It can also dispersed by shaking carpets outdoors.
Dirt can be minimised by make use of open space around our houses by planting flowers.Flowers are important because they decorate our houses as they sprout colourful and beautiful flowers in colours such as pink ,white,blue,red etc.Researchers had also found out that these flowers produce scent which feels our air and nourish it for our quality breathe.At the same time flowers keep dust depressed from being blown away by wind.The grasses like lorne is useful to be planted on the open spaces.Scientists said 15cm² of lorne is sufficient to give us clean oxygen for four people.How far with about 20-100cm² lying idle at your yard?
Orchard and plantation can do best to break wind from blowing away dusts and above all provide fruits and timber for your nutritious needs that are good for your health and providing you with timber you can use as firewood or planks to repair roofs make kennels.fowl run respectively.The other open space can be used to grow vegetables and crops which are important for family consumption.
When growing vegetables and other crops it is wise not to deeply disturb the soils as it will be loosened and a lot of dusts then blow about in our houses.Practising minimum tillage is now encouraged worldwide to keep our soils intact,maintain soil moisture ,nutrients and reduce soil erosion among other effects. Effective minimum tillage can successful by using 50% and above of dry matter as mulching.Mulching is known as God 's blanket which is useful in regulating soil temparature which makes favourable for the micro organisms in soil. These soil micro organisms decompose dead matter into natural fertilisers .Mulching hold soil against be blown away by wind and being eroded by rain.
Avoid using old tins and plastics in the garden.These rubbish can not decay and can be harmful to us when working in our gardens.
Even if one do all the best above atleast dusts find its way in our houses so,cleaning processes need to be done on daily basis.
Sweeping is done for removal of non fixed dirt .Apparatus including long handle broom ,short handle broom and a dust pan.
Method is to take up mats ,close the doors and windows during the windy days otherwise the dust will be blown about .Start at the furthest point from the door.Stand behind the broom and sweep away from you so that shoes are not covered with dirt.Sweep in firm even stroke and keep the broom near the floor as possible.Pay special attention to corners and stratching boards .Take care not to knock the broom against painted furniture or painted surfaces.When the room is too big sweep it in sections and collect dusts at intervals.
If the broom is too large to sweep under cupboards use a short hand broom. The short hand broom used together with the dust pan to gather up the dust then put it in the dust bin.Remove fluff from the broom and replace it with broom cupboard.
It is necessary to mop the floor using water ,detergents and a mop.When mopping stand behind the mop and moving backwards swinging diagonally and avoid leaving dirt lines marks ,if possible repeat with clean water.These days use of environmentally free cleaning products are encouraged to keep our environment clean.
Dusting is removal of non fixed dirt .The apparatus are two cloth dusters.
The methods is to sweep before you dust and allow the dust to settle except when using a vacuum cleaner.It is wiser to dust first and then remove the dust on the floor with the cleaner.
Use clean soft dusters ,then fold on the corners of the duster so that dust is not flicked about.
Commence at the top and wave downwards.
Use two dusters to hold the article with one duster to prevent finger marks whilst dusting.
When dusting rough surfaces such as a top of cupboard ,dampen one duster with parafin or water then dusts adhere to the duster use the second to remove dampness.
Rub the surface well when dusting then shake dusters out of doors occassionally whilst dusting .After use shake dusters and keep in special place
Then apply little polish to the varnished furniture using a cloth and shine using a clean cloth.
Dirt can be minimised by make use of open space around our houses by planting flowers.Flowers are important because they decorate our houses as they sprout colourful and beautiful flowers in colours such as pink ,white,blue,red etc.Researchers had also found out that these flowers produce scent which feels our air and nourish it for our quality breathe.At the same time flowers keep dust depressed from being blown away by wind.The grasses like lorne is useful to be planted on the open spaces.Scientists said 15cm² of lorne is sufficient to give us clean oxygen for four people.How far with about 20-100cm² lying idle at your yard?
Orchard and plantation can do best to break wind from blowing away dusts and above all provide fruits and timber for your nutritious needs that are good for your health and providing you with timber you can use as firewood or planks to repair roofs make kennels.fowl run respectively.The other open space can be used to grow vegetables and crops which are important for family consumption.
When growing vegetables and other crops it is wise not to deeply disturb the soils as it will be loosened and a lot of dusts then blow about in our houses.Practising minimum tillage is now encouraged worldwide to keep our soils intact,maintain soil moisture ,nutrients and reduce soil erosion among other effects. Effective minimum tillage can successful by using 50% and above of dry matter as mulching.Mulching is known as God 's blanket which is useful in regulating soil temparature which makes favourable for the micro organisms in soil. These soil micro organisms decompose dead matter into natural fertilisers .Mulching hold soil against be blown away by wind and being eroded by rain.
Avoid using old tins and plastics in the garden.These rubbish can not decay and can be harmful to us when working in our gardens.
Even if one do all the best above atleast dusts find its way in our houses so,cleaning processes need to be done on daily basis.
Sweeping is done for removal of non fixed dirt .Apparatus including long handle broom ,short handle broom and a dust pan.
Method is to take up mats ,close the doors and windows during the windy days otherwise the dust will be blown about .Start at the furthest point from the door.Stand behind the broom and sweep away from you so that shoes are not covered with dirt.Sweep in firm even stroke and keep the broom near the floor as possible.Pay special attention to corners and stratching boards .Take care not to knock the broom against painted furniture or painted surfaces.When the room is too big sweep it in sections and collect dusts at intervals.
If the broom is too large to sweep under cupboards use a short hand broom. The short hand broom used together with the dust pan to gather up the dust then put it in the dust bin.Remove fluff from the broom and replace it with broom cupboard.
It is necessary to mop the floor using water ,detergents and a mop.When mopping stand behind the mop and moving backwards swinging diagonally and avoid leaving dirt lines marks ,if possible repeat with clean water.These days use of environmentally free cleaning products are encouraged to keep our environment clean.
Dusting is removal of non fixed dirt .The apparatus are two cloth dusters.
The methods is to sweep before you dust and allow the dust to settle except when using a vacuum cleaner.It is wiser to dust first and then remove the dust on the floor with the cleaner.
Use clean soft dusters ,then fold on the corners of the duster so that dust is not flicked about.
Commence at the top and wave downwards.
Use two dusters to hold the article with one duster to prevent finger marks whilst dusting.
When dusting rough surfaces such as a top of cupboard ,dampen one duster with parafin or water then dusts adhere to the duster use the second to remove dampness.
Rub the surface well when dusting then shake dusters out of doors occassionally whilst dusting .After use shake dusters and keep in special place
Then apply little polish to the varnished furniture using a cloth and shine using a clean cloth.
Laundary,Household pests and Water Management
Dirt clothes should be kept in a washing basket and should be laundered regulary to avoid harbouring germs and lice which can disturb our sleep during the night.Laundary is washing and ironing clothes.
When washing it is necessary to study the water whether it is soft or hard.
Soft water is suitable for laundering because it lathers quickly with little soap.Soft water has little dissolved mineral substance and is harmless to the hands.It doesn't form a hard crust when soap is used.
Hard water this type of water is not suitable for laundary purposes as it contains many chemicals .Soap is wasted and does not lather quickly and energy is wasted.It is necessary to softening hard water.Softening hard water can be done by boiling ,adding soda or wood ash .The use of soapless detergents.
Detergents are in the form of soaps,liquid and powders.Most of the detergents from chemicals such as caustic soda are not friendly to our environment.It is now necessary to buy and natural cleaning products to serve your environment from being polluted.
Ironing is done for keeping washing straight and free from insects like lice should be ironed .Ironing is good to easily keep our clothes in the waderobe or cupboards for clothes.
Household Pests are found at almost every household , but some cannot detected by our naked eyes or are at a very low population.Pests usually found common in our homes include flies,rats,cockroaches,mosquitoes,ants,flea etc.These pests are not good to bleed rapidly in our houses.They cause us to get ill as they carry diseases ,eat our food ,tear our clothes and furniture.The pests can be eliminated by biological means for example the use of cats to eat rats and other animals which can eat other pests at home can be used.
Pests can be eliminated using chemicals.However it is necessary to use these chemical cautiously as they are also poisonous to human beings.So many people reported to commit suicide with these pestscides.Hence it is wise to keep them away to those people who wish to take their life and children to avoid death because of need to depress the
population of pests at home.
Leaking Taps are threatening our clean water which is a precious resource and continue to be depressed due to our activities that make it difficult to source.
The limited clean water you have need to be conserved.For example Harare city council reported most of the clean water is wasted through leaking pipes and taps. If you repair your leaking tap and pipe it helps you to maitain your water costs and have control of your enviroment by ensuring that every drop is put into good use.
If growing children see parents/adults conserving resources to them it becomes a norm and they easily immitate.
Management of waste water Like the importance of clean discussed above ,it is also clever to ensure that used water is propery disposed or recycled.
The blocked sink and toilets are dangerous ,if left not attended to.Children used to play touching the ground and then their mouth .If their local environment is not clean ,the children are being risked their health.
All blocked sinks and toilets need to be repaired.However some are not able to do themselves so hiring the services of a plumber is advisable.
Inconclusion we identified that home maintenance comprise the well management of our homes and its sorroundings are looked after.The management include producing food for the family,reduce dusts,proper dispositon of rubbish, making composite and many other activities for the well being of /ourselves at the most best place our home.
When washing it is necessary to study the water whether it is soft or hard.
Soft water is suitable for laundering because it lathers quickly with little soap.Soft water has little dissolved mineral substance and is harmless to the hands.It doesn't form a hard crust when soap is used.
Hard water this type of water is not suitable for laundary purposes as it contains many chemicals .Soap is wasted and does not lather quickly and energy is wasted.It is necessary to softening hard water.Softening hard water can be done by boiling ,adding soda or wood ash .The use of soapless detergents.
Detergents are in the form of soaps,liquid and powders.Most of the detergents from chemicals such as caustic soda are not friendly to our environment.It is now necessary to buy and natural cleaning products to serve your environment from being polluted.
Ironing is done for keeping washing straight and free from insects like lice should be ironed .Ironing is good to easily keep our clothes in the waderobe or cupboards for clothes.
Household Pests are found at almost every household , but some cannot detected by our naked eyes or are at a very low population.Pests usually found common in our homes include flies,rats,cockroaches,mosquitoes,ants,flea etc.These pests are not good to bleed rapidly in our houses.They cause us to get ill as they carry diseases ,eat our food ,tear our clothes and furniture.The pests can be eliminated by biological means for example the use of cats to eat rats and other animals which can eat other pests at home can be used.
Pests can be eliminated using chemicals.However it is necessary to use these chemical cautiously as they are also poisonous to human beings.So many people reported to commit suicide with these pestscides.Hence it is wise to keep them away to those people who wish to take their life and children to avoid death because of need to depress the
population of pests at home.
Leaking Taps are threatening our clean water which is a precious resource and continue to be depressed due to our activities that make it difficult to source.
The limited clean water you have need to be conserved.For example Harare city council reported most of the clean water is wasted through leaking pipes and taps. If you repair your leaking tap and pipe it helps you to maitain your water costs and have control of your enviroment by ensuring that every drop is put into good use.
If growing children see parents/adults conserving resources to them it becomes a norm and they easily immitate.
Management of waste water Like the importance of clean discussed above ,it is also clever to ensure that used water is propery disposed or recycled.
The blocked sink and toilets are dangerous ,if left not attended to.Children used to play touching the ground and then their mouth .If their local environment is not clean ,the children are being risked their health.
All blocked sinks and toilets need to be repaired.However some are not able to do themselves so hiring the services of a plumber is advisable.
Inconclusion we identified that home maintenance comprise the well management of our homes and its sorroundings are looked after.The management include producing food for the family,reduce dusts,proper dispositon of rubbish, making composite and many other activities for the well being of /ourselves at the most best place our home.
Rats, mice and mosquito are dangerous vectors in our homes
Rats and Mice are small mamals usually need to live in people or near people's homes and are a threat to people's sickness.Cookie(1955)says,"Both rats and mice are regarded as offensive pests because they attack food and rats may carry the plague flea."Rats and mice (rodents) are usually found in warm places ,in underground holes, under the flooring boards or in the ceiling.
The rodents attack almost everything found in our homes that are foods ,clothes ,footwear ,books,even our furniture.Because of the spread of diseases plague and attacking the household property control measures should be taken to eliminate them at our homes
The house should be cleaned thouroughly because rodents live comfortably in dark filthy places, even the surroundings. The holes around our habitats should be closed and all our food items should be kept on tight containers ,avoid using soft plastics ,because they can gnawed by rats causing them to have holes.
An effective remedy is to keep cats at home ,cats eliminate rats and mices.Cats should be brought in the target places during the night when rats are scavenging for food.
Rat traps can also used ,as well as poisoning with rat killers.These chemical must be kept in a locked or secret place because many short-tempered people commit sucide using this poisons.
Mosquitoes are the most dangerous in causing malaria which claimed to be the diseases which cause a lot of deaths in Africa and the traditional quinine treatments are on longer effective to cure this malaria disease.
Mosquitoes are dengerous pests indeed in our homes and is a great concern for African governments to eradicate them.According to Chitsiku (1990) "mosquitoes breed in stagnant water where eggs laid."These eggs are laid on the water surfaces and float.They will hatch in few days or weeks depends on the weather conditions.The larva lives in the water and give rise to adult that does all the harm to human beings.Malaria disease is spread by adult female mosquito which sucks human blood .The anopheles female mosquito carry malaria and the male carry yellow fever although it is rare to feed on human blood.
Control measures and prevention should be done so that malaria can be controlled.There are a lot of preventative measures that can be practiced at home to control mosquitoes.
The stagnant water sources around our homes should be done away with or should be sprinkeled used oils so that it can suffocates to death the larva found in water. The gutters should not be dirty and all the water should be drained.
The water storage tanks should be well covered so as to avoid the mosquito from breeding.Parafin/kerosene mixed with saw dusts can be spread on stagnant waters so that the larva will not develop in the water.
Mosquito coils are helpful as they produce bad smell which send mosquitoes away or regularly smear mosquito repellent jelly all over the body especially in low lying mosquito infested areas so that mosquitoes will not have the chance to suck human blood.
The mosquito nets can effectively used during the night when people are asleep .These nets are proof against mosquito and are well ventilated such that a person can have a comfortable sleep without endangering own's life.
The most useful traditional methods used include using indegeneous herbs which produce bad smell that drives away the mosquito from our homes.Burned dry cowdung also make mosiquito withstand in this smoke and can fry away.Dried paw leaves can also be burned to scare away mosquitoes .These traditional methods are very cheap to do as they do not need money.
The commercial methods include use of pesticides which can found in the shops and again the use of environmental friendly products are strongly encouraged.
Clothes Moths are common in most of our homes.These are tiny winged insects which produce flat eggs that hatch in spring, are laid on clothes.The grub emerges from the egg which is then the trouble causer.It then feeds on clothes ,causing holes on clothes.These moths grow in dark ,warm areas.
Inorder to deal thoroughly with the clothes moths ,one should clean cupboards ,drawers and wardrobes.After cleaning then line with insecticides which kill them.
It is advisable to wash all the linen and clothes thoroughly and iron them before neatly pack them in the wardrobe or cupboard. Because dirt attracts the moths and cause them to be attacked.
Articles infected with moths can be steamed which is a good cure .Fumes from certain chemical will destroy all moth life ,for example naphatalene obtained in balls can be used as poisonous chemical.
The rodents attack almost everything found in our homes that are foods ,clothes ,footwear ,books,even our furniture.Because of the spread of diseases plague and attacking the household property control measures should be taken to eliminate them at our homes
The house should be cleaned thouroughly because rodents live comfortably in dark filthy places, even the surroundings. The holes around our habitats should be closed and all our food items should be kept on tight containers ,avoid using soft plastics ,because they can gnawed by rats causing them to have holes.
An effective remedy is to keep cats at home ,cats eliminate rats and mices.Cats should be brought in the target places during the night when rats are scavenging for food.
Rat traps can also used ,as well as poisoning with rat killers.These chemical must be kept in a locked or secret place because many short-tempered people commit sucide using this poisons.
Mosquitoes are the most dangerous in causing malaria which claimed to be the diseases which cause a lot of deaths in Africa and the traditional quinine treatments are on longer effective to cure this malaria disease.
Mosquitoes are dengerous pests indeed in our homes and is a great concern for African governments to eradicate them.According to Chitsiku (1990) "mosquitoes breed in stagnant water where eggs laid."These eggs are laid on the water surfaces and float.They will hatch in few days or weeks depends on the weather conditions.The larva lives in the water and give rise to adult that does all the harm to human beings.Malaria disease is spread by adult female mosquito which sucks human blood .The anopheles female mosquito carry malaria and the male carry yellow fever although it is rare to feed on human blood.
Control measures and prevention should be done so that malaria can be controlled.There are a lot of preventative measures that can be practiced at home to control mosquitoes.
The stagnant water sources around our homes should be done away with or should be sprinkeled used oils so that it can suffocates to death the larva found in water. The gutters should not be dirty and all the water should be drained.
The water storage tanks should be well covered so as to avoid the mosquito from breeding.Parafin/kerosene mixed with saw dusts can be spread on stagnant waters so that the larva will not develop in the water.
Mosquito coils are helpful as they produce bad smell which send mosquitoes away or regularly smear mosquito repellent jelly all over the body especially in low lying mosquito infested areas so that mosquitoes will not have the chance to suck human blood.
The mosquito nets can effectively used during the night when people are asleep .These nets are proof against mosquito and are well ventilated such that a person can have a comfortable sleep without endangering own's life.
The most useful traditional methods used include using indegeneous herbs which produce bad smell that drives away the mosquito from our homes.Burned dry cowdung also make mosiquito withstand in this smoke and can fry away.Dried paw leaves can also be burned to scare away mosquitoes .These traditional methods are very cheap to do as they do not need money.
The commercial methods include use of pesticides which can found in the shops and again the use of environmental friendly products are strongly encouraged.
Clothes Moths are common in most of our homes.These are tiny winged insects which produce flat eggs that hatch in spring, are laid on clothes.The grub emerges from the egg which is then the trouble causer.It then feeds on clothes ,causing holes on clothes.These moths grow in dark ,warm areas.
Inorder to deal thoroughly with the clothes moths ,one should clean cupboards ,drawers and wardrobes.After cleaning then line with insecticides which kill them.
It is advisable to wash all the linen and clothes thoroughly and iron them before neatly pack them in the wardrobe or cupboard. Because dirt attracts the moths and cause them to be attacked.
Articles infected with moths can be steamed which is a good cure .Fumes from certain chemical will destroy all moth life ,for example naphatalene obtained in balls can be used as poisonous chemical.
Household Pests are a Manace to Homes!
Discussing and identifying the major pests found in our houses , the commercial and indegenous methods of controlling the population of them in our local areas.
According to Wyk et al (1985),"household pests are rodents and insects which accumulate and breed where dust ,dirt refuse and food leftovers are plentiful."Researches also has shown that household pests cause a lot of discomfort to people ,even to household furniture and loss of food. Clothes can also be affected which means almost every article in the home can be endangered or deformed.
The household pests that can be found in the home are houseflies,cockroaches ,ants ,weevils ,rats ,mice ,bed-bugs ,clothes moths ,mosquitoes ,fleas and many others.These pests can found mostly in the kitchen,pantry and dining places.
Household pests are undesirable creatures around human habitats and they increase very rapidly ,that their elimination may be a difficult challenge.However one should be very very careful and vigilant enough to hinder them powerless or to eradicate them permanently using sustainable preventative measures or to control their population to be as minimum as possible inorder to surpress them its menace to spread diseases to human beings.
bed-bugs are the most commonest pests found at home and cause a lot of skin irritation,the same way as lice.These are considered as disgusting pest (Cookie 1955).The bed-bugs start from the eggs upto an adults.
The eggs are laid in crevices or under wall paper where it is dry and warm which are the favourable conditions of the bed-bugs.These pests suck human blood and are difficult to hide espcially during the day as they hide in dark walls ,pilled magazines or newspapers.They only seen during the night where they will seeking for its food which is our blood.
The most prime practice of keeping away for this pests is to make our rooms especially bedrooms very tidy.Regular cleaning or washing of linen is also very important because bed-bugs are likely to breed in dirty places.Usually bed bugs hide in small holes in walls ,one can pour boiling water to the holes and these can die.It is believed most of liquid and powerded soaps has chemical which kill them .Above all regular cleaning of linen and bathing reduces emensely these pests as they associated with dirty like lice.
Fleas like bed-bugs they cause discomfort by biting people whilst asleep.
The female lays minute black like eggs in the warm crevices dirt and domestic pets.These eggs hatch into worm-like larvae which will then rise to the adult flea.
Fleas attack both human beings and pets.They bite causing an inflamed spots which live on blood as bed-bugs do.
Fleas can be controlled by srubbing floors thoroughly.The pets such as dogs should be washed with an insecticide which kill the fleas.This will stop them from rapidly breeding.The floors can be sprinkled with flacks of napthaline or common salt and left for 20 hours as they kill fleas slowly.
The rapidly infested fleas in our homes cause a disease known as bubonic plague.So a thoroughly preventative measures should be done.
Weevils pests are a threat to our food reserves such as cereals,nuts etc which usually destroyed in the granaries or silos.
The weevils cause small holes in the food grains as they are feeding themselves and left black articles in the grains after attacking them.The grains lost its quality and quantity render it to be unsuitable for human consumption as they are sour and lost all the important nutrients .
The weevils can be controlled by cleaning the grains and then treated with special insecticide which is not a threat to human beings.Storing grains in air tight containers help to keep away these pests.
Containers should be cleaned whenever they are empted to avoid these pests from breeding.
Fumigated grains can live longer before infected by this weevils.However fumigation must be done by experts to avoid dangers.
The termites are found in our homes and attack our furniture ,book,capets and our food storage.They breed in warm dark places.This means that wood furniture and books should not kept very close to the walls,because termites tend to rise from the walls.
Every day creaning and moving our property help to disturb the buld up of termites and also application of insectcides on the spotted areas help a lot.
As we go through some household pests causing hovoc in our well being at home .The pests' life cycle has being reviewed and some diseases which can be spread.These pests and others let cause a lot of discomfort .Having the knowledge of their feeding habits and their favourable places of breeding ,it is easy for us to eliminate them and left in bushes away from our home to reproduce and multiply.Remember to kill pest before kill you should be your motto at home.
According to Wyk et al (1985),"household pests are rodents and insects which accumulate and breed where dust ,dirt refuse and food leftovers are plentiful."Researches also has shown that household pests cause a lot of discomfort to people ,even to household furniture and loss of food. Clothes can also be affected which means almost every article in the home can be endangered or deformed.
The household pests that can be found in the home are houseflies,cockroaches ,ants ,weevils ,rats ,mice ,bed-bugs ,clothes moths ,mosquitoes ,fleas and many others.These pests can found mostly in the kitchen,pantry and dining places.
Household pests are undesirable creatures around human habitats and they increase very rapidly ,that their elimination may be a difficult challenge.However one should be very very careful and vigilant enough to hinder them powerless or to eradicate them permanently using sustainable preventative measures or to control their population to be as minimum as possible inorder to surpress them its menace to spread diseases to human beings.
bed-bugs are the most commonest pests found at home and cause a lot of skin irritation,the same way as lice.These are considered as disgusting pest (Cookie 1955).The bed-bugs start from the eggs upto an adults.
The eggs are laid in crevices or under wall paper where it is dry and warm which are the favourable conditions of the bed-bugs.These pests suck human blood and are difficult to hide espcially during the day as they hide in dark walls ,pilled magazines or newspapers.They only seen during the night where they will seeking for its food which is our blood.
The most prime practice of keeping away for this pests is to make our rooms especially bedrooms very tidy.Regular cleaning or washing of linen is also very important because bed-bugs are likely to breed in dirty places.Usually bed bugs hide in small holes in walls ,one can pour boiling water to the holes and these can die.It is believed most of liquid and powerded soaps has chemical which kill them .Above all regular cleaning of linen and bathing reduces emensely these pests as they associated with dirty like lice.
Fleas like bed-bugs they cause discomfort by biting people whilst asleep.
The female lays minute black like eggs in the warm crevices dirt and domestic pets.These eggs hatch into worm-like larvae which will then rise to the adult flea.
Fleas attack both human beings and pets.They bite causing an inflamed spots which live on blood as bed-bugs do.
Fleas can be controlled by srubbing floors thoroughly.The pets such as dogs should be washed with an insecticide which kill the fleas.This will stop them from rapidly breeding.The floors can be sprinkled with flacks of napthaline or common salt and left for 20 hours as they kill fleas slowly.
The rapidly infested fleas in our homes cause a disease known as bubonic plague.So a thoroughly preventative measures should be done.
Weevils pests are a threat to our food reserves such as cereals,nuts etc which usually destroyed in the granaries or silos.
The weevils cause small holes in the food grains as they are feeding themselves and left black articles in the grains after attacking them.The grains lost its quality and quantity render it to be unsuitable for human consumption as they are sour and lost all the important nutrients .
The weevils can be controlled by cleaning the grains and then treated with special insecticide which is not a threat to human beings.Storing grains in air tight containers help to keep away these pests.
Containers should be cleaned whenever they are empted to avoid these pests from breeding.
Fumigated grains can live longer before infected by this weevils.However fumigation must be done by experts to avoid dangers.
The termites are found in our homes and attack our furniture ,book,capets and our food storage.They breed in warm dark places.This means that wood furniture and books should not kept very close to the walls,because termites tend to rise from the walls.
Every day creaning and moving our property help to disturb the buld up of termites and also application of insectcides on the spotted areas help a lot.
As we go through some household pests causing hovoc in our well being at home .The pests' life cycle has being reviewed and some diseases which can be spread.These pests and others let cause a lot of discomfort .Having the knowledge of their feeding habits and their favourable places of breeding ,it is easy for us to eliminate them and left in bushes away from our home to reproduce and multiply.Remember to kill pest before kill you should be your motto at home.
Crockroaches and Ants are Troublesome Household Pests!
Crockroaches are also troublesome pests in our homes and about 60% of our homes have one or another species of crockroaches.They are brown in colour ,pairing may occur at anytime of the year and the eggs are laid 10-14 days. The eggs then produce nymph,the young cockroach emerges from the shell and looks similary to like the parent except for its wings,which develops slowly afterwards.(Cookie 1955).
The crockroach 's life span is longer as they take up to five years to mature.Malaba (1988)says,"crockroaches are found in dirty dark cupboards,cookers ,corners and at the back of refrigerators." thorough cleaning is important inorder to do away with crockroaches .
Crockroaches hide in warm places and emerges usually at the night and take food left at any open and loosely closed places where they can reach.Crockroaches can feed on starchy foods,dairy products , meat products,clothes or papers.
Wyk et al (1985) assert ,cockroaches carry diseases like enteric fever from drains to food they come into contact with.They leave droppings which then spoil the food and leave an unpleasant ordour on anything they would have attacked. So control measures should be taken so as to eradicate these pests.
Thoroughly cleanliness should be done ,one should clean dark places and even the back of cupboards ,refrigerators and stoves. Inside places should also be cleaned.Afterwards pestcides which are effective for eliminating them should be used.The must useful product is accessible from shops and experts who sell them in your local area. Maintenance of good hygiene through regular cleaning of storage places and sealing of all crevices especially in cupboards should be regularly done so as to hinder crockroaches from hiding and rapidly breeding.Above all people should avoid clutter furniture in the home .This will pave way for crockroaches to hide and will also make cleaning and dusting difficult.
Trapping can be done as supported by Cookie(1955) who puts that,"jam tins containing stale beer with sticks arranged in such a way that the insects can easily crawl up, then fall in and are drowned." This trapping methods is very effective during the night because this is the time when ceockroaches frequently move around our homes looking for food.
Therefore all our food should be left well covered especially in tight containers .
Poisoning with castor sugar and borax sprinkled under cupboards or use ten parts of sodium floride to eight ground rice can be used.
If all this methods failed to completely eliminate the crockroach population hiring fumigation specialists is a good idea to make sure that this dangerous pest is eliminated as much as possible.
Ants are pests cause discomfort in our homes. They also lay egga,larva,pupa then to adult.They breed in dark places inside and outside the houses.The house ants nest in the fabric of buildings and are small and not easily recognised,they always like warmth places at home.
In the house these ants attack sweet foods ,starchy or greasy substances ,plant and animal tissues left exposed.No diseases traced from ants that cause people to be sick.But they spoil food which means you will throw away,by so doing a lot of waste.The ants crawl over everywhere in their search for food to attack.
Inorder to control the ants one should make sure that food is not left lying about in the house or even dirty floors.
Sweets foods that attract ants should be stored in tight containers or in plastic containers so that food is not spoiled by packaging materials.
The cracks on the walls and floors will be the major habour of ants the holes made from the cracks should be filled with substances that cause discomfot to ants.
Commercial pestcides are available upon consulting the chemical dealers and shops.
The crockroach 's life span is longer as they take up to five years to mature.Malaba (1988)says,"crockroaches are found in dirty dark cupboards,cookers ,corners and at the back of refrigerators." thorough cleaning is important inorder to do away with crockroaches .
Crockroaches hide in warm places and emerges usually at the night and take food left at any open and loosely closed places where they can reach.Crockroaches can feed on starchy foods,dairy products , meat products,clothes or papers.
Wyk et al (1985) assert ,cockroaches carry diseases like enteric fever from drains to food they come into contact with.They leave droppings which then spoil the food and leave an unpleasant ordour on anything they would have attacked. So control measures should be taken so as to eradicate these pests.
Thoroughly cleanliness should be done ,one should clean dark places and even the back of cupboards ,refrigerators and stoves. Inside places should also be cleaned.Afterwards pestcides which are effective for eliminating them should be used.The must useful product is accessible from shops and experts who sell them in your local area. Maintenance of good hygiene through regular cleaning of storage places and sealing of all crevices especially in cupboards should be regularly done so as to hinder crockroaches from hiding and rapidly breeding.Above all people should avoid clutter furniture in the home .This will pave way for crockroaches to hide and will also make cleaning and dusting difficult.
Trapping can be done as supported by Cookie(1955) who puts that,"jam tins containing stale beer with sticks arranged in such a way that the insects can easily crawl up, then fall in and are drowned." This trapping methods is very effective during the night because this is the time when ceockroaches frequently move around our homes looking for food.
Therefore all our food should be left well covered especially in tight containers .
Poisoning with castor sugar and borax sprinkled under cupboards or use ten parts of sodium floride to eight ground rice can be used.
If all this methods failed to completely eliminate the crockroach population hiring fumigation specialists is a good idea to make sure that this dangerous pest is eliminated as much as possible.
Ants are pests cause discomfort in our homes. They also lay egga,larva,pupa then to adult.They breed in dark places inside and outside the houses.The house ants nest in the fabric of buildings and are small and not easily recognised,they always like warmth places at home.
In the house these ants attack sweet foods ,starchy or greasy substances ,plant and animal tissues left exposed.No diseases traced from ants that cause people to be sick.But they spoil food which means you will throw away,by so doing a lot of waste.The ants crawl over everywhere in their search for food to attack.
Inorder to control the ants one should make sure that food is not left lying about in the house or even dirty floors.
Sweets foods that attract ants should be stored in tight containers or in plastic containers so that food is not spoiled by packaging materials.
The cracks on the walls and floors will be the major habour of ants the holes made from the cracks should be filled with substances that cause discomfot to ants.
Commercial pestcides are available upon consulting the chemical dealers and shops.
DRUG AWARENESS AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE HOW THEY AFFECT HEALTH BEHAVIOURS
Some drugs are used in sustaining our health as a well being and some if abused endangers our social morality and mental health behaviours. That's the reason why children taught of substance abuse instead of drugs abuse because children can confuse the good drugs for prevention and treatment of diseases with dangerous ones. To avoid this confusion addictively abused drugs are taught as 'substance abuse'. The substance abuse also compries of other substance which are not necessarily drugs ,commonly abused by young children .Especially a peer rebel group which is against the social and school rules ,the means and goals. This group then formulated their rebel laws to take new 'wild' life. Since these rebel children don't normally employed so they abused inhalants readily available and sometimes very cheaper. These inhalants are also found in the household like solvents ,gasses and nitrites.
When these inhalants abused ,the abuser experience dizziness ,loss of balance ,slurred speech and vomiting. For example, Glue-niffers ended in sleepy ,unconscious condition. This mood, is the rebel children managed to condition their minds to live a 'wildy' life without home or any stable shelter ,but alternatively make use of streets,bridges or caves as a home.
The effectiveness of these inhalants ,intoxication to influence the brain depends with the amount inhaled ,otherwise some lasts several hours or a day. If these inhalants repeated for some time the abuser can easily lost the consciousness permanently which consequently caused to change the behaviours negatively as adopt anti-human attitudes , norms and values.
Substances like solvents or aerosol sprays usually sniffed has detrimental negative effects on heart problems and can result to death. Fluorocarbons and butane-type gases are the most dangerous substances.
The major symptoms found in the sniffers and are irreversible effects include loss of hearing,limb spasms,brain damage and bone marrow damage. However some deadly effects like liver ,kidney damage and blood oxygen depletion can be reversible.
A drug is a chemical agent which can treat or prevent diseases or can change the function of mind as it acts in brain and other body parts.These chemicals can be addictive if taken regulary without the instructions of medical practitioners and taking it regulary without limit leads to withdrawal problems. The addictive drugs are grouped into seven categories which are: hallucinogens,opates,nicotine ,amphetamines/cocaine,caffeine,cannabis and alcoholic related drugs.
World Health Organisation (WHO) issued a model list ,first issued in 1977 and updated three times with 220 drugs and vaccines used in the treatment and prevention of common diseases. Each state affiliated to WHO follow this list when stork all these medical supplies to serve the health needs of all its citizens. In addition some states established their research units to produce their own lists of esential drugs and beef up their storks. The use of list help for the health practitioners to give patients recognised drugs and avoid dangerous treatments.
Nevertheless most of the seven categories of the addictive drugs mentioned above can be abused.
Caffaine a legal drug found in tea and coffee is widely proved to reduce heart problems,suppress the addiction to nicotine ,satisfy hunger ,relieve pain and fatigue ,is also dangerous if consumed to access can cause health problems. As a result in tea and coffee beverages the caffeine reduced its concentration to avoid too much addiction and withdrawal problems.
Nicotine which found in tobacco cigarettes is one of the most addictive drug ,compaigned as,''Anti-tobacco compaign'' as WHO issued statistics which shows that nocotine related deaths are more than HIV&AIDS related deaths. The compaign resulted in banning of tobacco advertised in sports,cigerattes smoking in the public places especially transport and so on prohibited. The advertiser first give a health warning statement that ,''Tobacco is hazardous to health'' and other restrictive measures adopted ,The works of nicotine is almost the same with heroin ,both of them cause more health and social problems, which needs holistic approach to get comprehensive solutions.
When these inhalants abused ,the abuser experience dizziness ,loss of balance ,slurred speech and vomiting. For example, Glue-niffers ended in sleepy ,unconscious condition. This mood, is the rebel children managed to condition their minds to live a 'wildy' life without home or any stable shelter ,but alternatively make use of streets,bridges or caves as a home.
The effectiveness of these inhalants ,intoxication to influence the brain depends with the amount inhaled ,otherwise some lasts several hours or a day. If these inhalants repeated for some time the abuser can easily lost the consciousness permanently which consequently caused to change the behaviours negatively as adopt anti-human attitudes , norms and values.
Substances like solvents or aerosol sprays usually sniffed has detrimental negative effects on heart problems and can result to death. Fluorocarbons and butane-type gases are the most dangerous substances.
The major symptoms found in the sniffers and are irreversible effects include loss of hearing,limb spasms,brain damage and bone marrow damage. However some deadly effects like liver ,kidney damage and blood oxygen depletion can be reversible.
A drug is a chemical agent which can treat or prevent diseases or can change the function of mind as it acts in brain and other body parts.These chemicals can be addictive if taken regulary without the instructions of medical practitioners and taking it regulary without limit leads to withdrawal problems. The addictive drugs are grouped into seven categories which are: hallucinogens,opates,nicotine ,amphetamines/cocaine,caffeine,cannabis and alcoholic related drugs.
World Health Organisation (WHO) issued a model list ,first issued in 1977 and updated three times with 220 drugs and vaccines used in the treatment and prevention of common diseases. Each state affiliated to WHO follow this list when stork all these medical supplies to serve the health needs of all its citizens. In addition some states established their research units to produce their own lists of esential drugs and beef up their storks. The use of list help for the health practitioners to give patients recognised drugs and avoid dangerous treatments.
Nevertheless most of the seven categories of the addictive drugs mentioned above can be abused.
Caffaine a legal drug found in tea and coffee is widely proved to reduce heart problems,suppress the addiction to nicotine ,satisfy hunger ,relieve pain and fatigue ,is also dangerous if consumed to access can cause health problems. As a result in tea and coffee beverages the caffeine reduced its concentration to avoid too much addiction and withdrawal problems.
Nicotine which found in tobacco cigarettes is one of the most addictive drug ,compaigned as,''Anti-tobacco compaign'' as WHO issued statistics which shows that nocotine related deaths are more than HIV&AIDS related deaths. The compaign resulted in banning of tobacco advertised in sports,cigerattes smoking in the public places especially transport and so on prohibited. The advertiser first give a health warning statement that ,''Tobacco is hazardous to health'' and other restrictive measures adopted ,The works of nicotine is almost the same with heroin ,both of them cause more health and social problems, which needs holistic approach to get comprehensive solutions.
THE NICOTINE DRUG'S INFLUENCE AND SMOKING PROBLEMS HOW TO QUIT IT EASILY
According to World Health Organisation (WHO) all types tobacco are lethal as it cause a lot of smoking related diseases and deaths. Nevertheless tobacco industry generated a lot of income to many countries such as Zimbabwe ,Brazil,USA ,China ,Malawi etc as it may be used in health -food and herbal-medicine.Tobacco industry flourishing and contributed to development in the world economy. However it also killed millions of people as compared to HIV&AIDS related deaths is now surpassed by tobacco related deaths according to WHO figures.
About 90% of the world tobacco produced is channelled to be smoked as:
Cigars that are made of filler tobacco tightly wrapped in tobacoo leaf. Bidis small cigarettes found in Asian countries,clove cigarettes ,pipes ,smokeless tobacco, water pipes and many other different types of cigarettes.
Smoking is the burning of tobacco slowly as it produces a lot of chemicals such as tar,carbon monoxide and nicotine all these do nasty things in the human body.
Among these chemicals produced during smoking nicotine is the most addictive one. Nicotine an addictive agent found in tobacco is a powerful mood -altering substance which influences the brain quickly when smoked in a cigarette contains 15-20mg nicotine and only small percentage is absorbed by the smoker. So how many cigarettes a habitual smoker needs to satisfy the need of nicotine.
Nicotine increases the work of the body ,thus the heart beat faster, this makes it works extra harder. It also in combination with other 300 chemicals found in tobacco constrict blood vessels to become narrower ,which cosequently forced the heart to beat faster and in general smokers has poor blood circulation
Smokers are physically and psychologically addicted to nicotine , the desire comes in waves which may have a sudden urge to smoke . Smoking also triggered by alcohol or other beverages. Many smokers need to smoke during tea or coffee time or when drinking beer.
Besides nicotine, tar a dark sticky chemical is poisonous and cause cancer. In a cigarette tar is 1-18mg /cigarette. Carbon monoxide(CO) in smoke replaces the oxygen in red blood cells to form carboxyhemoglobin(COHb) which depresses oxygen in the blood veins. And in smoking they are other minor chemicals: phenols,hydrogen cyanide,nitrogen oxide,aliphatic and aromatic,alcohols,aldehydes,glycol,glycerol,ketones and many others which caused heart and circulatory diseases ,lung cancer,emphysema and chronic bronchitis
.Smokers have shorter life span as compared to non smokers and passive smokers are at risky than the smokers. For example a husband with a wife who smokes is at risky.
The other symptoms of smoking are that the taste buds of the tongue are damaged caused to reduce the appetite. Muscles efficiency is prevented by stomarch 's regurgitation. Smoking caused bladder cancer and pregnant woman who smokes may have a baby with retarded growth.
One may say then I need to quit smoking! The process is not so easy ,but it need self courage to win the battle to withdraw yourself from nicotine addiction.The withdrawal challenges initially is that you lack concentration ,although gain in weight. you may also have problems of headaching,itching ,sweating and coughing. The mood changes are so rapid and get frustrated easily,prone to anger,depression and become very impatience. This crisis moments in your new decision need to give yourself enough sleep and drink a lot of juice or water . Some tea and coffee researches found that drinking 5 cups of tea/coffee per day can help to quit in combination of eating wholesome food. Engage in moderate exercise which makes helps you to forget the need to smoke.Breath deeply also can help to fill lungs with clean air.
If you read this page you may convinced that I am now quitting. Now make the next step set a date to quit ,when that set date arrived take all cigarettes and burn them completely now your office or your home is free of tobacco ,then write for yourself a quitting card. List the reasons for quitting and other thoughts which support your quitting cause. This card will help you in many times when you need to take cigarettes the card reminds to uphold your oath and you should be kept on the open area where you can see it easily everyday. The other way is to inform your friends that I am quitting and should always help you to uphold your tough decisions that way oyu need their help to maintain your stance to quit smoking for your health.
Instead of cigarettes now buy carrot sticks ,gum ,nuts ,that you can chew many times to forget smoking. It is wise to consult experts like nutritionalists ,herbalists or medical doctors if you decided to quit ,otherwise it may be health for you to continue smoking than quitting.
About 90% of the world tobacco produced is channelled to be smoked as:
Cigars that are made of filler tobacco tightly wrapped in tobacoo leaf. Bidis small cigarettes found in Asian countries,clove cigarettes ,pipes ,smokeless tobacco, water pipes and many other different types of cigarettes.
Smoking is the burning of tobacco slowly as it produces a lot of chemicals such as tar,carbon monoxide and nicotine all these do nasty things in the human body.
Among these chemicals produced during smoking nicotine is the most addictive one. Nicotine an addictive agent found in tobacco is a powerful mood -altering substance which influences the brain quickly when smoked in a cigarette contains 15-20mg nicotine and only small percentage is absorbed by the smoker. So how many cigarettes a habitual smoker needs to satisfy the need of nicotine.
Nicotine increases the work of the body ,thus the heart beat faster, this makes it works extra harder. It also in combination with other 300 chemicals found in tobacco constrict blood vessels to become narrower ,which cosequently forced the heart to beat faster and in general smokers has poor blood circulation
Smokers are physically and psychologically addicted to nicotine , the desire comes in waves which may have a sudden urge to smoke . Smoking also triggered by alcohol or other beverages. Many smokers need to smoke during tea or coffee time or when drinking beer.
Besides nicotine, tar a dark sticky chemical is poisonous and cause cancer. In a cigarette tar is 1-18mg /cigarette. Carbon monoxide(CO) in smoke replaces the oxygen in red blood cells to form carboxyhemoglobin(COHb) which depresses oxygen in the blood veins. And in smoking they are other minor chemicals: phenols,hydrogen cyanide,nitrogen oxide,aliphatic and aromatic,alcohols,aldehydes,glycol,glycerol,ketones and many others which caused heart and circulatory diseases ,lung cancer,emphysema and chronic bronchitis
.Smokers have shorter life span as compared to non smokers and passive smokers are at risky than the smokers. For example a husband with a wife who smokes is at risky.
The other symptoms of smoking are that the taste buds of the tongue are damaged caused to reduce the appetite. Muscles efficiency is prevented by stomarch 's regurgitation. Smoking caused bladder cancer and pregnant woman who smokes may have a baby with retarded growth.
One may say then I need to quit smoking! The process is not so easy ,but it need self courage to win the battle to withdraw yourself from nicotine addiction.The withdrawal challenges initially is that you lack concentration ,although gain in weight. you may also have problems of headaching,itching ,sweating and coughing. The mood changes are so rapid and get frustrated easily,prone to anger,depression and become very impatience. This crisis moments in your new decision need to give yourself enough sleep and drink a lot of juice or water . Some tea and coffee researches found that drinking 5 cups of tea/coffee per day can help to quit in combination of eating wholesome food. Engage in moderate exercise which makes helps you to forget the need to smoke.Breath deeply also can help to fill lungs with clean air.
If you read this page you may convinced that I am now quitting. Now make the next step set a date to quit ,when that set date arrived take all cigarettes and burn them completely now your office or your home is free of tobacco ,then write for yourself a quitting card. List the reasons for quitting and other thoughts which support your quitting cause. This card will help you in many times when you need to take cigarettes the card reminds to uphold your oath and you should be kept on the open area where you can see it easily everyday. The other way is to inform your friends that I am quitting and should always help you to uphold your tough decisions that way oyu need their help to maintain your stance to quit smoking for your health.
Instead of cigarettes now buy carrot sticks ,gum ,nuts ,that you can chew many times to forget smoking. It is wise to consult experts like nutritionalists ,herbalists or medical doctors if you decided to quit ,otherwise it may be health for you to continue smoking than quitting.
The depleting of Natural resources lead to rural people to never rest
Deep in some rural communal lands in Zimbabwe the disappearing of forests ,grass ,soils and clean water is a burden to all rural folk to have a sustainable life.Focusing on Buhera,Dotito,Makoni and Mutare districts ,women of considerable ages and children ,many of them barefooted walk for considerable distances carrying heavy buckets in search of clean water and in some instances ,carrying bundles of firewood.
While men and older boys and girls migrate to urban areas like Mutare and Harare looking for employement in most cases difficult to comeby.
Clean water is scarce ,as well as food because of perenial droughts .Firewood the most commonly used source of energy is now available far away from people's settlements.
As a result many women and their children endured many hardships they come across.
One of the major problems as ,Mrs Gavi of Mutare district narrates is the scarcity of water for domestic use and their animals to drink because of siltation in of local streams.
The acute water shortages have consequently forced over 100 holdholds to wrestle from the single borehole to get just a 15litre bucket of water the whole day.
This doesn't mean that there is no boreholes in the areas.In Mutare district for example many boreholes are lying idle laking maintenance and awareness to the local people on how to use these facilities properly.Over thirty boreholes are no longer in use in Mutare west alone.
Most of the rural people earn a living through tilling the land.However most of the land is no longer producing enough because of erratic rainfall ,lack of inputs such as seeds,fertilisers and ox to pull these ploughs.
Some districts do not have irrigation facilities so farmers rely on rainfall for their crops production.
Sadly those who migrated to urban to seek emploment don't comeback with enough to help those left at home.Instead they comeback without anything after their seasonal contract work ceased.
Traditionally African women are well known for participating in roles such as crop production ,livestork care and providing food ,water and energy to their families.
These days the norm is unsustainable because of the depleting rate of natural resources such as trees to provide firewood ,and poles to build huts.The grass as livestork folder is continously burnt which threatens its growth to feed both domestic and wildlife,especially during the years with below normal rainfall. This problem of veld fires now caused many deaths around the country. The most painful one is of a Concession mother who burned to death with her three children caused by unneccessary veld fires. Usually pupils in schools taught and learnt that velds can only be suitable to be burned after atleast four years on regular basis. This practices should be done after the local people and the police informed.
As a recommendation the situation in these rural set up can change to normal if the these people get assistance to make use of there natural resources sparingly.For instance in some districts like Hurungwe and Makoni the international donor GOAL Zimbabwe helped peasant farmers to make nutritional garderns and conservation farming.
Nutritional garden is a good way of subsiding farmers to use their land to grow vegetables for their family consumption and surplus for sale.
Whereas in conservation farming the idea is to plant crops such as maize ,beans and other crops without much disturbance of soil structure.The farmer only mark the rows and plant the seeds without tilling the whole field.The system is successfull in districts like Zvimba, Hurungwe and Makoni.During the years when rainfall is scarce the minimum tillage make farmers to produce .During the high rainfall farmer can not lose lot of soil through erosion to silt their rivers and streams.
The rampant burning of grassland can only stop after all the villagers understand that this is a social problem which needs a collective address.Through the awareness programmes rural people can be engaged to plant trees, practice conservation farming and control veld fires.
Through adopting this practice the rural folk can rest whilst their environment is friendly and their granaries full of food.
While men and older boys and girls migrate to urban areas like Mutare and Harare looking for employement in most cases difficult to comeby.
Clean water is scarce ,as well as food because of perenial droughts .Firewood the most commonly used source of energy is now available far away from people's settlements.
As a result many women and their children endured many hardships they come across.
One of the major problems as ,Mrs Gavi of Mutare district narrates is the scarcity of water for domestic use and their animals to drink because of siltation in of local streams.
The acute water shortages have consequently forced over 100 holdholds to wrestle from the single borehole to get just a 15litre bucket of water the whole day.
This doesn't mean that there is no boreholes in the areas.In Mutare district for example many boreholes are lying idle laking maintenance and awareness to the local people on how to use these facilities properly.Over thirty boreholes are no longer in use in Mutare west alone.
Most of the rural people earn a living through tilling the land.However most of the land is no longer producing enough because of erratic rainfall ,lack of inputs such as seeds,fertilisers and ox to pull these ploughs.
Some districts do not have irrigation facilities so farmers rely on rainfall for their crops production.
Sadly those who migrated to urban to seek emploment don't comeback with enough to help those left at home.Instead they comeback without anything after their seasonal contract work ceased.
Traditionally African women are well known for participating in roles such as crop production ,livestork care and providing food ,water and energy to their families.
These days the norm is unsustainable because of the depleting rate of natural resources such as trees to provide firewood ,and poles to build huts.The grass as livestork folder is continously burnt which threatens its growth to feed both domestic and wildlife,especially during the years with below normal rainfall. This problem of veld fires now caused many deaths around the country. The most painful one is of a Concession mother who burned to death with her three children caused by unneccessary veld fires. Usually pupils in schools taught and learnt that velds can only be suitable to be burned after atleast four years on regular basis. This practices should be done after the local people and the police informed.
As a recommendation the situation in these rural set up can change to normal if the these people get assistance to make use of there natural resources sparingly.For instance in some districts like Hurungwe and Makoni the international donor GOAL Zimbabwe helped peasant farmers to make nutritional garderns and conservation farming.
Nutritional garden is a good way of subsiding farmers to use their land to grow vegetables for their family consumption and surplus for sale.
Whereas in conservation farming the idea is to plant crops such as maize ,beans and other crops without much disturbance of soil structure.The farmer only mark the rows and plant the seeds without tilling the whole field.The system is successfull in districts like Zvimba, Hurungwe and Makoni.During the years when rainfall is scarce the minimum tillage make farmers to produce .During the high rainfall farmer can not lose lot of soil through erosion to silt their rivers and streams.
The rampant burning of grassland can only stop after all the villagers understand that this is a social problem which needs a collective address.Through the awareness programmes rural people can be engaged to plant trees, practice conservation farming and control veld fires.
Through adopting this practice the rural folk can rest whilst their environment is friendly and their granaries full of food.
WELCOME TO ZIMBABABWE'S Provinces,Government and Economy!
Getting to Zimbabwe a landlocked country in southern Africa . Her neighbours are, to the south is South Africa,to the north is Zambia ,to the east is Mozambique and to the southwest and west is Botswana. The total area is 390 580 square kilometres.
Provinces and Principal cities there are ten provinces .Her capital and largest city is Harare which is in Harare metro-politan province.The second city is Bulawayo in Bulawayo metro politan province.The other provinces and the major cities in blackets are Manicaland (Mutare),Mashonaland west(Chinhoyi),Midlands(Gweru)Masvingo(Masvingo),Mashonaland central (Bindura),Mashonaland east(Marondera)Matebeleland north (Rupane) and Matebeleland south(Gwanda).
The Government of Zimbabwe is a sovereign republic.Since 13 February 2009 the executive is vested in the president and the prime minister.Currently the Zimbabweans are making their own constitution which shall determine the powers of the government.According to the Global Political Agreement the president appoints the cabinet in consultation with the prime minister.The dual vice-presidency and dual deputy prime ministers.Adult suffrage is 18 years.The parliament is administered by speaker and the clerk.The lower house of assembly is made up of 210 members elected through the ballots in 210 constituencies of the country.The upper house is headed by the senate president and have 60 senators who elected concurrently with the lower house of assembly parlimentarians. The major political parties which make up the government are ZANU PF and MDC factions.
There are commissions and are also part of the government which are Zimbabwe Electoral commission(ZEC)ZEC supervise and conduct the election process of the president,members of parliament both lower and upper houses and the local government councillors.Media commission which regulates the media and information.
The supreme Court which includes a chief justices and four judges,has origional jurisdiction over constitional questions and appellate jurisdiction on all others.The high court ,consisting of 13 judges ,has original jurisdiction in major civil and criminal cases.
The local government is under the ministry of local government and is made up of rural and urban councils.The councillors are elected by public votes after elected by party where the member is affiliated.The mayor is elected by the councillors in urban manispalities to run the affairs of the cities.The governors appointed by the president are the highest officers in each of the ten provinces.
The Economy of Zimbabwe is well diversified: Agriculture and mining are the most important sectors and the manufacturing industry is revamping.More than 60 % of the population is engaged in Agriculture .The land tenure is now divided among the smallscale peasant farmers where each farmer is entitled about 5HA of arable and sharing the common grazing land for their livestork.The other farmers are plotholders and largescale commercial farmers who own 2HA to 2500HA on average.Most of the crops grown include maize,peanuts,round nuts ,sorghum,wheat,barley tobacco,horticulture.The livestork is also part of the Interprise of all farmers' categories.The major livestork is beef,dairy,sheep,goats ostrich and the poutry.
The main minerals are diamonds,platinum ,coal gold ,iron ore.However there are so many mineral deposits which are not yet mined.
The manufacturing industry is concentrating in food products ,textiles,,chemicals,machinery.The timber products is mainly of pine,eucalyptus,wattle and cypress which are the exortic plantation.The natural forests of teak(Baikiae plurijugal)and mukwa(pterocarpus angolensis).
One of the best ways to explore the culture, customs,and cuisine of a country is to visit the country.There you can observe the art of the local people,have a test of local food and buy their wares.
Provinces and Principal cities there are ten provinces .Her capital and largest city is Harare which is in Harare metro-politan province.The second city is Bulawayo in Bulawayo metro politan province.The other provinces and the major cities in blackets are Manicaland (Mutare),Mashonaland west(Chinhoyi),Midlands(Gweru)Masvingo(Masvingo),Mashonaland central (Bindura),Mashonaland east(Marondera)Matebeleland north (Rupane) and Matebeleland south(Gwanda).
The Government of Zimbabwe is a sovereign republic.Since 13 February 2009 the executive is vested in the president and the prime minister.Currently the Zimbabweans are making their own constitution which shall determine the powers of the government.According to the Global Political Agreement the president appoints the cabinet in consultation with the prime minister.The dual vice-presidency and dual deputy prime ministers.Adult suffrage is 18 years.The parliament is administered by speaker and the clerk.The lower house of assembly is made up of 210 members elected through the ballots in 210 constituencies of the country.The upper house is headed by the senate president and have 60 senators who elected concurrently with the lower house of assembly parlimentarians. The major political parties which make up the government are ZANU PF and MDC factions.
There are commissions and are also part of the government which are Zimbabwe Electoral commission(ZEC)ZEC supervise and conduct the election process of the president,members of parliament both lower and upper houses and the local government councillors.Media commission which regulates the media and information.
The supreme Court which includes a chief justices and four judges,has origional jurisdiction over constitional questions and appellate jurisdiction on all others.The high court ,consisting of 13 judges ,has original jurisdiction in major civil and criminal cases.
The local government is under the ministry of local government and is made up of rural and urban councils.The councillors are elected by public votes after elected by party where the member is affiliated.The mayor is elected by the councillors in urban manispalities to run the affairs of the cities.The governors appointed by the president are the highest officers in each of the ten provinces.
The Economy of Zimbabwe is well diversified: Agriculture and mining are the most important sectors and the manufacturing industry is revamping.More than 60 % of the population is engaged in Agriculture .The land tenure is now divided among the smallscale peasant farmers where each farmer is entitled about 5HA of arable and sharing the common grazing land for their livestork.The other farmers are plotholders and largescale commercial farmers who own 2HA to 2500HA on average.Most of the crops grown include maize,peanuts,round nuts ,sorghum,wheat,barley tobacco,horticulture.The livestork is also part of the Interprise of all farmers' categories.The major livestork is beef,dairy,sheep,goats ostrich and the poutry.
The main minerals are diamonds,platinum ,coal gold ,iron ore.However there are so many mineral deposits which are not yet mined.
The manufacturing industry is concentrating in food products ,textiles,,chemicals,machinery.The timber products is mainly of pine,eucalyptus,wattle and cypress which are the exortic plantation.The natural forests of teak(Baikiae plurijugal)and mukwa(pterocarpus angolensis).
One of the best ways to explore the culture, customs,and cuisine of a country is to visit the country.There you can observe the art of the local people,have a test of local food and buy their wares.
Houseflies the dangerous vector which carry a lot of diseases on our food should be eliminated
Housefly is the commonest pests found in our communities and is dangerous in our health.The housefly is black in colour and some are green, with spotted colours.
It lays its eggs in dirty places where there are rotting things,areas such as heaps of composts,human refuses and all decayed animal and vegetable matter.The housefly is always seen loitering right around in the house especially in humid warmer places than in dry cool areas.
The housefly's breeding places are its comfotable filthy areas where the larva or maggots conducively develop in refuse heaps and feed on liquid for 48 hours to 96 hours .
The maggorts remain dormant for five to eight days in summer and four to five months in winter.
The fully developed adult emerges from the pupa and the reproduction of eggs .The houseflies rapidly reproduced in humid hot summers and decrease as the winter approaching. Very few can exist in warm areas of our homes throughout the winter.
Due to its feeding habits,that is ,it settles on food then it vomits its food which is toxic to our food we are ready to eat.This then spread germs that contaminate our food and consequently we got sick of diseases such as dysentery ,diarrhoea,cholera,fever ,typhoid this diseases threaten our human health.
It is the spread of these diseases that is a major concern to eliminate the vector housefly. The houseflies should be carefully eliminated and left to do its best in areas such as pit latrines,composing sites etc.
Rubbish sites like composite heaps should be placed away from our homes if possible .The rubbish bins should be empted on regulary basis and always cleaned to reduce ordour smells that attracts these flies.If rubbish bins are made of metal materials , should be lined with a plastic bag and the plastic bag should empted on daily basis.The bins should be always closed with a tight lid, so as to avoid flies inside and out freely whilst spreading germs.
The bins should be washed with hot soapy water and left to dry so that they remain clean and dry to avoid attracting flies.
In rural areas rubbish pits should be placed away from home ,usually to wind side direction so that flies can not detect the smells from people's homes.Latrines should be always left clean after use them and should not keep moisture on its floors.Therefore should be kept neat and dry and can be treated with environmental free cleaning products which do not affect the ecosystem in a long run.
If these are difficult to source smoke of green leaves or cow dung can help to do away with lot of flies.
The gulley traps outdoors should be kept thouroghly cleaned so that flies will not be attracted .
Remember to do other hygienic practices such as to keep all food items closed if are not ready for eating, washing hands thouroughly after using the toilet or when eating any food.Personal hygiene is very important which in any case if one prepares food with dirty clothes flies are attracted.
The use of flyproof netts on windows and doors will effectively hinder any pests from entering in our houses.
Commercial methods of using insectcides is still practiced although these days the awareness campaign is to use environment friendly products to conserve our precious environment.In African cultures they can use indegenous bushes which produce strong smell that expel flies away or use of parafin/kerosene on tables,sinks or cupboards where flies usually breed.Parafin scare away flies.Mats should be kept also clean to avoid flies.
It lays its eggs in dirty places where there are rotting things,areas such as heaps of composts,human refuses and all decayed animal and vegetable matter.The housefly is always seen loitering right around in the house especially in humid warmer places than in dry cool areas.
The housefly's breeding places are its comfotable filthy areas where the larva or maggots conducively develop in refuse heaps and feed on liquid for 48 hours to 96 hours .
The maggorts remain dormant for five to eight days in summer and four to five months in winter.
The fully developed adult emerges from the pupa and the reproduction of eggs .The houseflies rapidly reproduced in humid hot summers and decrease as the winter approaching. Very few can exist in warm areas of our homes throughout the winter.
Due to its feeding habits,that is ,it settles on food then it vomits its food which is toxic to our food we are ready to eat.This then spread germs that contaminate our food and consequently we got sick of diseases such as dysentery ,diarrhoea,cholera,fever ,typhoid this diseases threaten our human health.
It is the spread of these diseases that is a major concern to eliminate the vector housefly. The houseflies should be carefully eliminated and left to do its best in areas such as pit latrines,composing sites etc.
Rubbish sites like composite heaps should be placed away from our homes if possible .The rubbish bins should be empted on regulary basis and always cleaned to reduce ordour smells that attracts these flies.If rubbish bins are made of metal materials , should be lined with a plastic bag and the plastic bag should empted on daily basis.The bins should be always closed with a tight lid, so as to avoid flies inside and out freely whilst spreading germs.
The bins should be washed with hot soapy water and left to dry so that they remain clean and dry to avoid attracting flies.
In rural areas rubbish pits should be placed away from home ,usually to wind side direction so that flies can not detect the smells from people's homes.Latrines should be always left clean after use them and should not keep moisture on its floors.Therefore should be kept neat and dry and can be treated with environmental free cleaning products which do not affect the ecosystem in a long run.
If these are difficult to source smoke of green leaves or cow dung can help to do away with lot of flies.
The gulley traps outdoors should be kept thouroghly cleaned so that flies will not be attracted .
Remember to do other hygienic practices such as to keep all food items closed if are not ready for eating, washing hands thouroughly after using the toilet or when eating any food.Personal hygiene is very important which in any case if one prepares food with dirty clothes flies are attracted.
The use of flyproof netts on windows and doors will effectively hinder any pests from entering in our houses.
Commercial methods of using insectcides is still practiced although these days the awareness campaign is to use environment friendly products to conserve our precious environment.In African cultures they can use indegenous bushes which produce strong smell that expel flies away or use of parafin/kerosene on tables,sinks or cupboards where flies usually breed.Parafin scare away flies.Mats should be kept also clean to avoid flies.
WHY TOURISM SECTOR IS GROWING IN ZIMBABWE?
The tourism industry in Zimbabwe is now showing signs of massive growth since the formation of all inclusive government in February 2009.
Tourists has more interest , want to see and enjoy whenever they are in this magnificent country of Southern Africa.
A must for every visitor is a visit to the mighty Victoria Falls, one of the world's scenic wonders.At the falls ,the Zambezi is over 1,6km wide and plunges into deep chasm which runs across the path of the river.Huge clouds of sprays rise hundreds of metres as the power of this waterway is checked and constructed into the narrow gorge.
The Great Zimbabwe,is the manmade site built some centuries ago and the structures are built entirely with granite rocks without mortar.The great structures ,its chevron patterns and the curved sculptures won this site to be on the UNESCO's seven world wonders.
The maginificent spectacle of African wildlife viewing is another major factor in Zimbabwe 's tourism success story. None can fail to be moved or excited by the sight of a herd of elephants moving with ponderous grace to a waterhole or rolling in mud-baths like children at play,a lion moving stealthly in pursuit of its prey .herds of skittish wildbeeste or neat zebra or the seesaw gallop of giraffe.
The spectacular eastern highlands where trout fishing activities are done ,white water conoeing and other exciting activities.The eastern highlands has unique climate conditions from many African places and tourist called it the Little England. These are the major areas spearhead the tourism industry in Zimbabwe.
Accommodation there are a full range of accommodation available in cities ,while at the principal tourist resorts there are five star hotels of good standard built to conform with their surroundings.
Along all tourist routes and in country towns there are comfortable hotels whose tariffs are very reasonable.In the rest camps of national parks visitors are accommodated in charming lodges ,cottages or chalets.
All these establishments are currently registered with Hotels and Restaurant Association of Zimbabwe .These range from the luxury of the five star hotels down to a variety of safari camps which cater for that clientele who desires a direct experience of Africa in the wild spectacular environment.
Zimbabwe offers a variety of scenery and one of the continent's finest and largest concentrations of wildlife .Taking these together with natural friendliness of Zimbabweeans ,the spaciousness of the landscape and the uncrowed tourist centres provides and unbeatable combination which assures the visitors that the holiday in Zimbabwe will be the holiday of a lifetime.
TRANSPORT ,in Zimbabwe there is good transport networks which are the best after South Africa in Southern Africa.
The major roads that link all the major cities and all tourist destinations are good for visitors in the country.Zimbabwe's inter-territorial roads are of the first class standard and all tourists centres are linked by tarred roads.
There are various car options for visitors which include car hire,use tour guides' vehicles and other variety of options visitors may want to use.
Daily air services link Zimbabwe with the rest of the world ,landing at Harare ,the main international air port and Bulawayo.
The domestic service of Air Zimbabwe ,the international airline ,links all major cities .It also has regular scheduled flights for the tourists to popular holiday resorts ,including Victoria Falls and Masvingo.
Regional flights get to all major capitals in the area including Johannesburg,Nairobi,Gaborone,Kinshasa,Lumbumbashi,Dar-selam ,Lusaka ,Mauritius and Windhoek.The regional airlines such as SouthAfrican Airways,Zambia Airways,Kenya Airways,Air Botswana and others .
Direct overseas destinations are London,Dubai,Singapore,Beijing .The link with Johannesburg is very easy to connect Zimbabwe with all international flights.
COMMUNICATIONS: The Telone operates the fixed telephones services in Zimbabwe with the tariffs rates comparable to the rest of the world.
There are three major mobile telephone operators in Zimbabwe which are Econet,Netone and Telecel.These operators are offering better tariffs.Zimbabwe is the third country in Africa after Kenya and South Africa to offer 3G system, which allow mobile lines to offer internet services.
All tourists centres offer the good telephone networks and internet facilities.Postal services are still the best in Africa EMS and courier services .
Tourists has more interest , want to see and enjoy whenever they are in this magnificent country of Southern Africa.
A must for every visitor is a visit to the mighty Victoria Falls, one of the world's scenic wonders.At the falls ,the Zambezi is over 1,6km wide and plunges into deep chasm which runs across the path of the river.Huge clouds of sprays rise hundreds of metres as the power of this waterway is checked and constructed into the narrow gorge.
The Great Zimbabwe,is the manmade site built some centuries ago and the structures are built entirely with granite rocks without mortar.The great structures ,its chevron patterns and the curved sculptures won this site to be on the UNESCO's seven world wonders.
The maginificent spectacle of African wildlife viewing is another major factor in Zimbabwe 's tourism success story. None can fail to be moved or excited by the sight of a herd of elephants moving with ponderous grace to a waterhole or rolling in mud-baths like children at play,a lion moving stealthly in pursuit of its prey .herds of skittish wildbeeste or neat zebra or the seesaw gallop of giraffe.
The spectacular eastern highlands where trout fishing activities are done ,white water conoeing and other exciting activities.The eastern highlands has unique climate conditions from many African places and tourist called it the Little England. These are the major areas spearhead the tourism industry in Zimbabwe.
Accommodation there are a full range of accommodation available in cities ,while at the principal tourist resorts there are five star hotels of good standard built to conform with their surroundings.
Along all tourist routes and in country towns there are comfortable hotels whose tariffs are very reasonable.In the rest camps of national parks visitors are accommodated in charming lodges ,cottages or chalets.
All these establishments are currently registered with Hotels and Restaurant Association of Zimbabwe .These range from the luxury of the five star hotels down to a variety of safari camps which cater for that clientele who desires a direct experience of Africa in the wild spectacular environment.
Zimbabwe offers a variety of scenery and one of the continent's finest and largest concentrations of wildlife .Taking these together with natural friendliness of Zimbabweeans ,the spaciousness of the landscape and the uncrowed tourist centres provides and unbeatable combination which assures the visitors that the holiday in Zimbabwe will be the holiday of a lifetime.
TRANSPORT ,in Zimbabwe there is good transport networks which are the best after South Africa in Southern Africa.
The major roads that link all the major cities and all tourist destinations are good for visitors in the country.Zimbabwe's inter-territorial roads are of the first class standard and all tourists centres are linked by tarred roads.
There are various car options for visitors which include car hire,use tour guides' vehicles and other variety of options visitors may want to use.
Daily air services link Zimbabwe with the rest of the world ,landing at Harare ,the main international air port and Bulawayo.
The domestic service of Air Zimbabwe ,the international airline ,links all major cities .It also has regular scheduled flights for the tourists to popular holiday resorts ,including Victoria Falls and Masvingo.
Regional flights get to all major capitals in the area including Johannesburg,Nairobi,Gaborone,Kinshasa,Lumbumbashi,Dar-selam ,Lusaka ,Mauritius and Windhoek.The regional airlines such as SouthAfrican Airways,Zambia Airways,Kenya Airways,Air Botswana and others .
Direct overseas destinations are London,Dubai,Singapore,Beijing .The link with Johannesburg is very easy to connect Zimbabwe with all international flights.
COMMUNICATIONS: The Telone operates the fixed telephones services in Zimbabwe with the tariffs rates comparable to the rest of the world.
There are three major mobile telephone operators in Zimbabwe which are Econet,Netone and Telecel.These operators are offering better tariffs.Zimbabwe is the third country in Africa after Kenya and South Africa to offer 3G system, which allow mobile lines to offer internet services.
All tourists centres offer the good telephone networks and internet facilities.Postal services are still the best in Africa EMS and courier services .
Collaborative Agencies in Art and Crafts in Zimbabwe
The collaborative agencies are helpful in the Art and crafts in places where art activities can take place which are found to be able to infuse the necessary skills and would be help artists in their work.
This article focuses on the collaborative agencies found in the area Guruve community in Zimbabwe's North west rural area about 152 kilometres away from Harare where best experts ,Art galleries and youth club which specialises in garment printing and dressmaking.The community based experts include artists who specialise in making toys,mats,macrame,pottery,sculpture of wood ,metal and stones as well as designers of srap metals as they weld
The activities done in the area are of great importance to the people as it is the source of income to the family.The trip could be helpful and of great use in promoting effective arts and cultural exchange within different artists and buyers in the world over.
Enability of people to have a look at these experts during their work could enhence mutual relationship between both artist and consumers of artworks.People could have researched on variety of issues like the materials used by the artists and could observe them making or design their artwork .This can promote development of aesthetic skills.
The second collaborative agent in ZIMBABWE of great importance is the Kadoma Art Gallery.The gallery specialise in displaying a variety of artwork from local artfacts which include paintings,drawings on various material ,sculptured works of wood and stone,welded items of used iron metals and dyed printed garments.The writer makes organised trips with people .Activities could include taking videos,images,immitating the artist at work,classifying the different items ,writing notes and probably documenting as they comment on the artwork.
The curator as a resource person from the art gallery could show the samples or pictures of artworks found at the centre.People can make use of these art works after have knowledge of its importance and background information leading to its production.
The third place that could be visited and benefit a lot is the youth centre.At the youth centre ,young people taught traditional art skills,contemporary and modern art skills.These people working at the centre completed ordinary level course and are gathered in an effort to make them employed.The visit at this place could be a rewarding. People could understand that art is a talent within an artist without considering the academic achievements.Even those who are poor academically can use artistic skills to do something useful to the people.
Art working is considered to be an activity of poor and desperate,the mix up of people from all walks of life could have instilled a new thinking in consumers that artwork can be produced by any person without paying more to some academic work.The writer could have selected some youth centre to give a brief activities to influence people like teachers,artists and consumers in the world to sharpen they way to artworks and activites.
A visit to the centre or calling /inviting those people with interest in art skills and products would been rewarding in making those who heed the call to become aware that artistic skills can be trained and developed.
The benefits that are likely to be derived from such an approach of utilising these agencies in their development of art and crafts.The trip to these centres is a first hand experience as they are able to see the real artworks.Your relationship with artist would help you in the world of visual arts will be enhanced .
Moreover touring art centre is more meaningful in that when people see the real objects or artworks and hear the stories ,experiences of artists they able to prove the psychology and philosophy of the art and carfts .Art is a living industry which support artists to live honest life.Through intreprete and improve the environment and cultural aesthetics to make art consumers to live positively.Above all utilising art galleries, centres and studios benefits those who need to consume the art products and equip them to have the incite on how people make art products and how it is important to market them in life.
This article focuses on the collaborative agencies found in the area Guruve community in Zimbabwe's North west rural area about 152 kilometres away from Harare where best experts ,Art galleries and youth club which specialises in garment printing and dressmaking.The community based experts include artists who specialise in making toys,mats,macrame,pottery,sculpture of wood ,metal and stones as well as designers of srap metals as they weld
The activities done in the area are of great importance to the people as it is the source of income to the family.The trip could be helpful and of great use in promoting effective arts and cultural exchange within different artists and buyers in the world over.
Enability of people to have a look at these experts during their work could enhence mutual relationship between both artist and consumers of artworks.People could have researched on variety of issues like the materials used by the artists and could observe them making or design their artwork .This can promote development of aesthetic skills.
The second collaborative agent in ZIMBABWE of great importance is the Kadoma Art Gallery.The gallery specialise in displaying a variety of artwork from local artfacts which include paintings,drawings on various material ,sculptured works of wood and stone,welded items of used iron metals and dyed printed garments.The writer makes organised trips with people .Activities could include taking videos,images,immitating the artist at work,classifying the different items ,writing notes and probably documenting as they comment on the artwork.
The curator as a resource person from the art gallery could show the samples or pictures of artworks found at the centre.People can make use of these art works after have knowledge of its importance and background information leading to its production.
The third place that could be visited and benefit a lot is the youth centre.At the youth centre ,young people taught traditional art skills,contemporary and modern art skills.These people working at the centre completed ordinary level course and are gathered in an effort to make them employed.The visit at this place could be a rewarding. People could understand that art is a talent within an artist without considering the academic achievements.Even those who are poor academically can use artistic skills to do something useful to the people.
Art working is considered to be an activity of poor and desperate,the mix up of people from all walks of life could have instilled a new thinking in consumers that artwork can be produced by any person without paying more to some academic work.The writer could have selected some youth centre to give a brief activities to influence people like teachers,artists and consumers in the world to sharpen they way to artworks and activites.
A visit to the centre or calling /inviting those people with interest in art skills and products would been rewarding in making those who heed the call to become aware that artistic skills can be trained and developed.
The benefits that are likely to be derived from such an approach of utilising these agencies in their development of art and crafts.The trip to these centres is a first hand experience as they are able to see the real artworks.Your relationship with artist would help you in the world of visual arts will be enhanced .
Moreover touring art centre is more meaningful in that when people see the real objects or artworks and hear the stories ,experiences of artists they able to prove the psychology and philosophy of the art and carfts .Art is a living industry which support artists to live honest life.Through intreprete and improve the environment and cultural aesthetics to make art consumers to live positively.Above all utilising art galleries, centres and studios benefits those who need to consume the art products and equip them to have the incite on how people make art products and how it is important to market them in life.
colour science and beliefs in Red
Red is associated with blood ,death ,fire ,that is with anything that hurts.Red is considerd sensitive. In Matisse's "The Red studio" red is joyous and noisy ,the slight accents of colours the red seem boisterous.
In the Isenheim Altapiece ,red has a highly spiritual quality ,for it appears as the light radiating from the risen Christ.In Joseph Homage to the square :Board call (2¾)red has an almost cold and intellectual quality.Albers presents red in such precisely geometrical gradation,with edges softened by the minimizing of contrast., that his work suggest itself as an object of quiet contemplation.Energise with red the colour of physical energy raising body temperature and improving circulation .If you need a lift ,buy beautiful red flowers for your home and feel them filling with positive energy.
Red can be made whatever you want,depending on the way that you use it.Some people dress in red so as to feel warmer.
Red is the colour of fresh of flies blood. A number of modern expressions based on the word red carry a variety of connotations ,for example If you go red ,blood goes to your face especially because of anger and embarassment.If your eyes are red ,the white part of eyes and skin around your eyes red because of crying ,tiredness and drunkenness.
A red admiral is a butterfly with black wings and red alert is a sudden dangerous situation.If someone is red blooded he/she is someone full of confidence or sexual strength,If someone is given a red carpet ,it means that he/she has been given a special official welcome,that is commonly given an important guest of honour.
The red cross is an international organisation that taked care of people suffering because of war,hunger and illness.Our blood system there are red cells and are responsible for oxygen circulation around the body.
In 1866 sir Isaac Newton passed a beam of white light through a prism of translucent glass.The beam of light broke up in sevencolours
From this experiment ,it was discovered that colours are components of light.Colours are a function of light and without light there is no colours.Havens(1998:17)defines colour as,"an element that comes from reflect light."Light from sun is actually a combination of all colours.The colours through the prism are red ,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo and violet are called the colour spectrum.These are the colours of the rainbow.
What we perceive as colour are reflected light.In perceiving colour the physiological activities of the eye and science of electromagnetic wavelength as that work.
Therefore scientific discovery concludes that colour is formed with the strike of light or the form of matter that is reflected by light.Colour is an an Art element and is important in craft and design.Inorder to see colour the following must be present light,surface/object and the eye.
Furthermore the effects of colour found to affects moods.Researchers say different colours influence raspiratory rates,blood pressure,pulse and even anger and happiness.
Colours can be used to show the seasons ,time of the day or different conditions of weather.
Besides the scientific facts the colour as its strong meaning in various cultural beliefs.For instance in shona culture black associated with ancestral spirits and beauty, whilst white is associated with angels and holiness in christian beliefs.
In the Isenheim Altapiece ,red has a highly spiritual quality ,for it appears as the light radiating from the risen Christ.In Joseph Homage to the square :Board call (2¾)red has an almost cold and intellectual quality.Albers presents red in such precisely geometrical gradation,with edges softened by the minimizing of contrast., that his work suggest itself as an object of quiet contemplation.Energise with red the colour of physical energy raising body temperature and improving circulation .If you need a lift ,buy beautiful red flowers for your home and feel them filling with positive energy.
Red can be made whatever you want,depending on the way that you use it.Some people dress in red so as to feel warmer.
Red is the colour of fresh of flies blood. A number of modern expressions based on the word red carry a variety of connotations ,for example If you go red ,blood goes to your face especially because of anger and embarassment.If your eyes are red ,the white part of eyes and skin around your eyes red because of crying ,tiredness and drunkenness.
A red admiral is a butterfly with black wings and red alert is a sudden dangerous situation.If someone is red blooded he/she is someone full of confidence or sexual strength,If someone is given a red carpet ,it means that he/she has been given a special official welcome,that is commonly given an important guest of honour.
The red cross is an international organisation that taked care of people suffering because of war,hunger and illness.Our blood system there are red cells and are responsible for oxygen circulation around the body.
In 1866 sir Isaac Newton passed a beam of white light through a prism of translucent glass.The beam of light broke up in sevencolours
From this experiment ,it was discovered that colours are components of light.Colours are a function of light and without light there is no colours.Havens(1998:17)defines colour as,"an element that comes from reflect light."Light from sun is actually a combination of all colours.The colours through the prism are red ,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo and violet are called the colour spectrum.These are the colours of the rainbow.
What we perceive as colour are reflected light.In perceiving colour the physiological activities of the eye and science of electromagnetic wavelength as that work.
Therefore scientific discovery concludes that colour is formed with the strike of light or the form of matter that is reflected by light.Colour is an an Art element and is important in craft and design.Inorder to see colour the following must be present light,surface/object and the eye.
Furthermore the effects of colour found to affects moods.Researchers say different colours influence raspiratory rates,blood pressure,pulse and even anger and happiness.
Colours can be used to show the seasons ,time of the day or different conditions of weather.
Besides the scientific facts the colour as its strong meaning in various cultural beliefs.For instance in shona culture black associated with ancestral spirits and beauty, whilst white is associated with angels and holiness in christian beliefs.
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